2010.2.3    高雄律師-楊岡儒律師


--本次選讀之內容為:『法治國之信賴保護原則』,關於『信賴保護原則』乃行政法上之重要原則,且具有憲法之位階。而選讀之大法官釋字589號,基本上是針對『法治國原則(The Principle of Rule of Law)』及『信賴保護原則(The Principle of  Legitimate Expectation)』二者為原理上之解釋,並針對人民權利之維護、法秩序之安定、行政命令或法規之效力,涵攝信賴保護原則之保護範疇。以下茲引用大法官釋字589號相關之重點內容,也請大家參考。


 


大法官會議解釋:釋字第589號解釋文(節錄)


法治國原則為憲法之基本原則,首重人民權利之維護、法秩序之安定及信賴保護原則之遵守。行政法規公布施行後,制定或發布法規之機關依法定程序予以修改或廢止時,應兼顧規範對象信賴利益之保護。受規範對象如已在因法規施行而產生信賴基礎之存續期間內,對構成信賴要件之事實,有客觀上具體表現之行為,且有值得保護之利益者,即應受信賴保護原則之保障。至於如何保障其信賴利益,究係採取減輕或避免其損害,或避免影響其依法所取得法律上地位等方法,則須衡酌法秩序變動所追求之政策目的、國家財政負擔能力等公益因素及信賴利益之輕重、信賴利益所依據之基礎法規所表現之意義與價值等為合理之規定。如信賴利益所依據之基礎法規,其作用不僅在保障私人利益之法律地位而已,更具有藉該法律地位之保障以實現公益之目的者,則因該基礎法規之變動所涉及信賴利益之保護,即應予強化以避免其受損害,俾使該基礎法規所欲實現之公益目的,亦得確保。


 


J. Y. Interpretation No.589 (excerpts from the No.589)


The principle of rule of law is a basic principle of the  Constitution and its purposes are to ensure the protection of the rights of people, the stability of the legal order and the compliance with the principle of legitimate expectation. After the promulgation and implementation of an administrative regulation, if the authority that instituted or promulgated the regulation amends or repeals the regulation according to legal procedure, it should also take into account the protection of the legitimate expectation of the regulated party. If the regulated party has apparently acted objectively in response to the facts constituting the legitimate reliance during the period of the implementation of the regulation, thus creating the basis of reliance, and the party has the benefit that is worthy of protection, the party should then be protected by the principle of legitimate expectation. As for the method adopted to protect the benefit of legitimate reliance, i.e., whether it is by reducing or preventing damage to the party, or by refraining from influencing its legal position acquired under the law, it should be decided by assessing and balancing the factors of public interests such as the political purposes pursued by the change of legal order and financial ability of the state, and the weight of the legitimate reliance and the meaning and value of the basic regulation on which the legitimate reliance is based and so forth. If the basic regulation on which the legitimate reliance is based has the effect of realizing the purpose of public interests through the protection of the legal position rather than protecting the mere legal position of private interests, the protection of legitimate reliance involved with the change of the basic regulation should be strengthened so as to prevent the party from damage, thus assuring the public purposes that the basic regulation is intended to realize.


 


兔寶寶律師謹筆    2010.2.3 AM.11.36


 



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